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Cardiac Catheterization

Cardiac Catheterization

What is Cardiac Catheterization ?

Cardiac catheterization is a diagnostic and invasive treatment procedure done in patients suffering from heart conditions like coronary artery disease, valvular dysfunction, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy and more. A thin, flexible catheter is inserted into a patient’s peripheral blood vessels and monitored under
an x-ray. With this, the professionals will be able to fish out the underlying problem by visualizing the heart’s chambers, valves and important vessels. Based on the area and vessel of Insertion, there are two types of cardiac catheterization;

  • Right Heart Catheterization (RHC)
  • Left Heart Catheterization (LHC)
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What is Cardiac Catheterization ?

Cardiac catheterization is a diagnostic and invasive treatment procedure done in patients suffering from heart conditions like coronary artery disease, valvular dysfunction, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy and more. A thin, flexible catheter is inserted into a patient’s peripheral blood vessels and monitored under an x-ray. With this, the professionals will be able to fish out the underlying problem by visualizing the heart’s chambers, valves and important vessels. Based on the area and vessel of Insertion, there are two types of cardiac catheterization;

  • Right Heart Catheterization (RHC)
  • Left Heart Catheterization (LHC)
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How is it done?

  • Before starting the procedure, the patient is explained about it in detail. Certain tests to assess blood urea, serum creatinine, and insulin levels may be advised. The patient’s pre-operative vital signs are recorded.
  • The patient is laid down in a supine position on the operating table. Body hair is removed from the area of insertion and the patient is infused with saline, a relaxant, and an anticoagulant. A topical anesthetic agent is applied.
  • Following strict sterilization protocol, a puncture is made at the insertion site. ( site of insertion maybe – Femoral artery, brachial artery or radial artery)
  • A needle is inserted into the puncture site and the artery located. Once in the artery, the needle is removed but a guidewire is inserted. This wire is covered with a plastic tube over which, the catheter is inserted.
  • The catheter is then passed through the arteries to reach the heart. The catheter movements are monitored on the x-ray or fluoroscopy.
  • Once the catheter reaches the desired position and the cardiologist is satisfied with the recordings, the catheter is slowly removed.
  • After removal, manual pressure is applied at the site for 15 minutes. The patient is advised to rest well and keep the insertion area dry for a few days.

How is it done?

  • Before starting the procedure, the patient is explained about it in detail. Certain tests to assess blood urea, serum creatinine, and insulin levels may be advised. The patient’s pre-operative vital signs are recorded.
  • The patient is laid down in a supine position on the operating table. Body hair is removed from the area of insertion and the patient is infused with saline, a relaxant, and an anticoagulant. A topical anesthetic agent is applied.
  • Following strict sterilization protocol, a puncture is made at the insertion site. ( site of insertion maybe – Femoral artery, brachial artery or radial artery)
  • A needle is inserted into the puncture site and the artery located. Once in the artery, the needle is removed but a guidewire is inserted. This wire is covered with a plastic tube over which, the catheter is inserted.
  • The catheter is then passed through the arteries to reach the heart. The catheter movements are monitored on the x-ray or fluoroscopy.
  • Once the catheter reaches the desired position and the cardiologist is satisfied with the recordings, the catheter is slowly removed.
  • After removal, manual pressure is applied at the site for 15 minutes. The patient is advised to rest well and keep the insertion area dry for a few days.

Related Treatments

Atrial septostomy

It is a surgical procedure in which a small hole or gap is created between the two upper chambers of the heart called the atria. This procedure is done in children or adults with atrial septal defects or atrial transposition.It increases the oxygenation ability by allowing the atrial to pump blood properly. The hole is made using a catheter under general anaesthesia. There are different types of atrial septostomy based on the condition.

Read More

Aneurysmal Clipping

An aneurysm is a bulge in the artery caused by a weak/damaged atrial wall. An aneurismal clipping is an open surgical intervention procedure where a clip made of titanium or a surgically non-toxic metal is placed at the neck of this aneurysm to prevent further damage to vital structures. This process is generally done by a neurosurgeon for brain aneurysms.

Read More

Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

Atrial fibrillation is the condition where the heart beats irregularly with weak or untimely heartbeats. One of the treatments for this disease is using heat or cold energy to neutralize the irregular signals and achieve a regular heartbeat rhythm. The treatment is performed when medication treatments fail. It may also be done during cardiac surgery with the help of thin flexible tubes called catheters.

Read More

Related Treatments

Atrial septostomy

It is a surgical procedure in which a small hole or gap is created between the two upper chambers of the heart called the atria. This procedure is done in children or adults with atrial septal defects or atrial transposition.It increases the oxygenation ability by allowing the atrial to pump blood properly. The hole is made using a catheter under general anaesthesia. There are different types of atrial septostomy based on the condition.

Read More

Aneurysmal Clipping

An aneurysm is a bulge in the artery caused by a weak/damaged atrial wall. An aneurismal clipping is an open surgical intervention procedure where a clip made of titanium or a surgically non-toxic metal is placed at the neck of this aneurysm to prevent further damage to vital structures. This process is generally done by a neurosurgeon for brain aneurysms.

Read More

Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

Atrial fibrillation is the condition where the heart beats irregularly with weak or untimely heartbeats. One of the treatments for this disease is using heat or cold energy to neutralize the irregular signals and achieve a regular heartbeat rhythm. The treatment is performed when medication treatments fail. It may also be done during cardiac surgery with the help of thin flexible tubes called catheters.

Read More
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